clothed in black

* * *

āter, tra, trum, adj. [cf. aithô, to burn; Sanscr. idh; aithôn aithêr, Aitnê, [p. 188] Aetna, aether, aestus, aestas] (pr. burnt black, black as a coal; cf.:

Tam excoctam reddam atque atram quam carbost,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 63: hence), black; and specif., coalblack, lustreless-black, sable, dark (opp. albus, lustreless-white, and diff. from niger, glossy black, v. albus init.; class. and freq., but never in Vulg., which uses niger).

Lit.:

album an atrum vinum potas?

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 17:

atrior multo Quam Aegyptii,

id. Poen. 5, 5, 11:

alba et atra discernere non poterat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114: nigra scuta, tincta corpora;

atras ad proelia noctes legunt,

Tac. G. 43:

Mos erat antiquus niveis atrisque capillis, etc.,

Ov. M. 15, 41; so id. ib. 15, 44; cf.

albus: fauces,

Lucr. 6, 1147:

dens,

Hor. Epod. 8, 3:

nubes,

Lucr. 6, 180; Hor. C. 2, 16, 2:

lumen, with smoke,

Verg. A. 7, 457:

agmen, with dust,

id. ib. 12, 450 Serv.:

axis, with blood,

Sil. 2, 186:

Eridanus ater stragibus,

id. 6, 107:

bilis,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 64, and Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11 (cf. the Gr. melancholia):

cruor,

Hor. Epod. 17, 31:

tempestas,

Lucr. 6, 258 sq.; Verg. A. 5, 693:

hiemps,

id. ib. 7, 214:

canis,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 25:

corvus atro gutture,

Cat. 108, 5:

venena,

Verg. G. 2, 130:

Tartara,

Lucr. 3, 966; so,

Cocytus,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 17:

mare,

dark, stormy, id. S. 2, 2, 16:

fluctus,

Verg. A. 5, 2: mons, v. 2. ater.— The proverb albus an ater, v. albus.— Poet., = atratus, clothed in black:

lictores,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 6; cf. albus, I. B. 2.—

Trop.

In gen., black, dark, gloomy, sad, dismal, unfortunate, etc.:

funus,

Lucr. 2, 580:

formido,

id. 4 [173], and id. 6, 254; so,

Timor,

Verg. A. 9, 719:

cupressus,

id. ib. 3, 64:

dies,

id. ib. 6, 429; Prop. 3, 2, 4:

mors,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 13:

fila trium sororum,

id. ib. 2, 3, 16:

Esquiliae (as a burying-place),

dismal, id. S. 2, 6, 32:

seu mors atris circumvolat alis,

id. ib. 2, 1, 58:

cura,

id. C. 3, 1, 40; 3, 14, 13; 4, 11, 35:

lites,

id. A. P. 423:

comes,

id. S. 2, 7, 115:

serpens,

Verg. G. 1, 129; Ov. M. 3, 63 al.:

genius.. vultu mutabilis, albus et ater,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 189.—In Roman civil life, dies atri are the days on which the state experienced some calamity, unlucky days. (This designation is said to have arisen from the Roman custom of marking every unfortunate day in the calendar with coal); Varr. L. L. 6, § 29; Liv. 6, 1; Gell. 5, 17; Fest. s. v. nonarum, p. 179 Müll.; id. s. v. religiosus, p. 278 Müll.; Ov. A. A. 1, 418; Macr. S. 1, 15 fin. and 16; Afran. ap. Non. p. 73, 33:

si atro die faxit insciens, probe factum esto,

Liv. 22, 10.—

Esp.

Rare and poet., of mind or feeling, malevolent, malicious, virulent (cf. niger, II. D., and the Gr. melas, II. 4 Lidd. and Scott):

versus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 30:

si quis atro dente me petiverit,

id. Epod. 6, 15.—

Also poet. of something difficult to be understood, dark, obscure (so melas, Anth. Pal. 11, 347):

latebrae Lycophronis atri,

Stat. p. 5, 3, 157.— Comp. v. supra, I.— Sup. and adv. not used.

Āter mons, a mountain in the interior of Africa, north of Phazania ( Fezzan), Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 35.<

āter, tra, trum, adj. [cf. aithô, to burn; Sanscr. idh; aithôn aithêr, Aitnê, [p. 188] Aetna, aether, aestus, aestas] (pr. burnt black, black as a coal; cf.:

Tam excoctam reddam atque atram quam carbost,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 63: hence), black; and specif., coalblack, lustreless-black, sable, dark (opp. albus, lustreless-white, and diff. from niger, glossy black, v. albus init.; class. and freq., but never in Vulg., which uses niger).

Lit.:

album an atrum vinum potas?

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 17:

atrior multo Quam Aegyptii,

id. Poen. 5, 5, 11:

alba et atra discernere non poterat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114: nigra scuta, tincta corpora;

atras ad proelia noctes legunt,

Tac. G. 43:

Mos erat antiquus niveis atrisque capillis, etc.,

Ov. M. 15, 41; so id. ib. 15, 44; cf.

albus: fauces,

Lucr. 6, 1147:

dens,

Hor. Epod. 8, 3:

nubes,

Lucr. 6, 180; Hor. C. 2, 16, 2:

lumen, with smoke,

Verg. A. 7, 457:

agmen, with dust,

id. ib. 12, 450 Serv.:

axis, with blood,

Sil. 2, 186:

Eridanus ater stragibus,

id. 6, 107:

bilis,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 64, and Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11 (cf. the Gr. melancholia):

cruor,

Hor. Epod. 17, 31:

tempestas,

Lucr. 6, 258 sq.; Verg. A. 5, 693:

hiemps,

id. ib. 7, 214:

canis,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 25:

corvus atro gutture,

Cat. 108, 5:

venena,

Verg. G. 2, 130:

Tartara,

Lucr. 3, 966; so,

Cocytus,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 17:

mare,

dark, stormy, id. S. 2, 2, 16:

fluctus,

Verg. A. 5, 2: mons, v. 2. ater.— The proverb albus an ater, v. albus.— Poet., = atratus, clothed in black:

lictores,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 6; cf. albus, I. B. 2.—

Trop.

In gen., black, dark, gloomy, sad, dismal, unfortunate, etc.:

funus,

Lucr. 2, 580:

formido,

id. 4 [173], and id. 6, 254; so,

Timor,

Verg. A. 9, 719:

cupressus,

id. ib. 3, 64:

dies,

id. ib. 6, 429; Prop. 3, 2, 4:

mors,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 13:

fila trium sororum,

id. ib. 2, 3, 16:

Esquiliae (as a burying-place),

dismal, id. S. 2, 6, 32:

seu mors atris circumvolat alis,

id. ib. 2, 1, 58:

cura,

id. C. 3, 1, 40; 3, 14, 13; 4, 11, 35:

lites,

id. A. P. 423:

comes,

id. S. 2, 7, 115:

serpens,

Verg. G. 1, 129; Ov. M. 3, 63 al.:

genius.. vultu mutabilis, albus et ater,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 189.—In Roman civil life, dies atri are the days on which the state experienced some calamity, unlucky days. (This designation is said to have arisen from the Roman custom of marking every unfortunate day in the calendar with coal); Varr. L. L. 6, § 29; Liv. 6, 1; Gell. 5, 17; Fest. s. v. nonarum, p. 179 Müll.; id. s. v. religiosus, p. 278 Müll.; Ov. A. A. 1, 418; Macr. S. 1, 15 fin. and 16; Afran. ap. Non. p. 73, 33:

si atro die faxit insciens, probe factum esto,

Liv. 22, 10.—

Esp.

Rare and poet., of mind or feeling, malevolent, malicious, virulent (cf. niger, II. D., and the Gr. melas, II. 4 Lidd. and Scott):

versus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 30:

si quis atro dente me petiverit,

id. Epod. 6, 15.—

Also poet. of something difficult to be understood, dark, obscure (so melas, Anth. Pal. 11, 347):

latebrae Lycophronis atri,

Stat. p. 5, 3, 157.— Comp. v. supra, I.— Sup. and adv. not used.

Āter mons, a mountain in the interior of Africa, north of Phazania ( Fezzan), Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 35.<

* * *

* * *

ātrātus, a, um, P. a., as if from atro, āre [ater], clothed in black for mourning, dressed in mourning: cedo, quis umquam cenārit atratus? * Cic. Vatin. 12 fin.:

plebes,

Tac. A. 3, 2:

senex,

Suet. Galb. 18.—

Also of suppliants: an atratus prodiret in publicum proque rostris precaretur,

Suet. Ner. 47.— Poet. of the horses in the chariot of the sun darkened in an eclipse:

Solis et atratis luxerit orbis equis,

Prop. 4, 4, 34 (cf. id. 3, 7, 32: Et citius nigros sol agitabit equos).

Ātrātus, i, m., a small river in the vicinity of Rome, Cic. Div. 1, 43, 98 B. and K.

ātrātus, a, um, P. a., as if from atro, āre [ater], clothed in black for mourning, dressed in mourning: cedo, quis umquam cenārit atratus? * Cic. Vatin. 12 fin.:

plebes,

Tac. A. 3, 2:

senex,

Suet. Galb. 18.—

Also of suppliants: an atratus prodiret in publicum proque rostris precaretur,

Suet. Ner. 47.— Poet. of the horses in the chariot of the sun darkened in an eclipse:

Solis et atratis luxerit orbis equis,

Prop. 4, 4, 34 (cf. id. 3, 7, 32: Et citius nigros sol agitabit equos).

Ātrātus, i, m., a small river in the vicinity of Rome, Cic. Div. 1, 43, 98 B. and K.

albus, a, um, adj. [cf. Umbr. alfu and Sab. alpus = white; alphos = white rash; O. H. Germ. Elbiz = a swan; to this have been referred also Alba Longa, Albunea, Alpes from their snowy summits (Paul. ex Fest. p. 4 Müll.), Albion from its chalky cliffs, Alpheios, and Albis = Elbe], white (properly dead white, not shining; e. g. hair, complexion, garments, etc., opp. ater, black that is without lustre; while candidus denotes a glistening, dazzling white, opp. niger, shining black.—Hence, trop., albus and ater, a symbol of good or ill fortune; on the other hand, candidus and niger of moral worth or unworthiness; cf. Doed. Syn. III. 193 sq.—So Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 82: aliud est candidum, i. e. quādam nitenti luce perfusum esse; aliud album, quod pallori constat esse vicinum; cf. Verg. E. 7, 38: Candidior cycnis, hederā formosior albā, with id. ib. 3, 39: diffusos hederā vestit pallente corymbos; but this distinction is freq. disregarded by the poets).

Lit.

In gen.:

barba,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 15:

corpus,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 115:

color albus praecipue decorus deo est, maxime in textili,

Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45: albus calculus, the small white stone used in voting, as a sign of acceding to the opinion of any one, or of the acquittal of one who is under accusation (opp. ater calculus;

v. calculus).— Hence, trop.: alicui rei album calculum adicere,

to allow, approve of, authorize, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.—In Enn. an epithet of the sun and moon: sol, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 92 Vahl.): jubar Hyperionis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 658 P. (Ann. v. 547 ib.).—The following are examples of the opposition of albus and niger (instead of ater) as exceptions to the gen. rule; so always in Lucr. (who also uses albus and candidus or candens promiscuously), 2, 810; 822 sqq.; 731 sq.; 790; 767-771. Once in Cic.: quae alba sint, quae nigra dicere, Div. 2, 3; so Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Ov. M. 2, 541; cf. with id. ib. 2, 534 and 535; also id. ib. 12, 403; 15, 46; id. H. 15, 37 al.:

albi et nigri velleris,

Vulg. Gen. 30, 35:

non potes unum capillum album facere aut nigrum,

ib. Matt. 5, 36.—

Esp.

Pale, from sickness, terror, care, and the like:

aquosus albo Corpore languor, of dropsical persons,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 15:

pallor,

id. Epod. 7, 15:

vivat et urbanis albus in officiis,

pale from the cares of his public office, Mart. 1, 56 fin. et saep. —

Of clothing, white: alba decent Cererem;

vestes Cerealibus albas Sumite,

Ov. F. 4, 619:

vidit duos Angelos in albis,

Vulg. Joan. 20, 12; ib. Apoc. 3, 4.—Hence, poet. transf. to the person, clothed in white, Hor. S. 1, 2, 36: pedibus qui venerat albis, who had come with white feet, i. e. marked with chalk, as for sale, Juv. 1, 111 (cf. gypsatus and also Plin. 35, 17, 58, §§ 199-201; Mayor ad 1. 1.).—

Prov. phrases.

Dentibus albis deridere, to deride one by laughing so as to show the teeth, for to deride much, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 48 (cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 26).—

Albus an ater sit, nescio or non curo, I know not, care not whether he is white or black, i. e. he is entirely indifferent to me:

vide, quam te amārit is, qui albus aterve fueris ignorans, fratris filium praeteriit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 16:

unde illa scivit, ater an albus nascerer,

Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Cat. 93, 2; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 38.—

Albo rete aliquid oppugnare, to attack or seize upon something with a white net, i. e. in a delicate, skilful manner:

qui hic albo rete aliena oppugnant bona,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 22 (so the passage seems to be more simply explained than acc. to the opinion of Gron.: qui albo (by the register of the prætor) tamquam rete, which omission of the tamquam is a Horatian, but not a Plautinian idiom). —

Albā lineā aliquid signare, to make a white line upon a white ground, i. e. to make no distinction: et amabat omnes, nam ut discrimen non facit... signat linea alba, Lucil. ap. Non. 282, 28 (where the common editions have neque before signare, which gives the expression a directly opposite sense): albā, ut dicitur, lineā sine curā discriminis convertebant, Gell. praef. 11.—

Alba avis, a white sparrow, for something rare, uncommon, strange:

quasi avem albam videntur bene sentientem civem videre,

Cic. Fam. 7, 28 (quasi novum quiddam; proverbium ex eo natum, quia rarae aves albae, Manut. ad h. 1.).—

Filius albae gallinae, fortune's favorite child, Juv. 13, 141, prob. an allusion to the miracle that happened to Livia in regard to a white hen, v. Plin. 15, 30, 40; Suet. Galb. 1 (Ruperti ad h. 1, refers this expression to the unfruitfulness of a white hen, and conpares Col. R. R. 8, 2, 7).—

Equis albis praecurrere aliquem, to excel, surpass one, Hor. S. 1, 7, 8 (the figure being drawn from the white horses attached to a triumphal chariot; cf. Suet. Ner. 25; id. Dom. 2).—

Trop.

Favorable, fortunate, propitious:

simul alba nautis Stella refulsit,

i. e. the twin-star Castor, favorable to sailors, Hor. C. 1, 12, 27:

dies,

Sil. 15, 53:

sint omnia protinus alba,

Pers. 1, 110.—

Poet. and act., of the wind, making clear or bright, dispersing the clouds; hence, dry:

Notus,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 15 (as a transl. of the Gr. leukonotos):

iapyx,

id. ib. 3, 27, 19 (cf.:

clarus aquilo,

Verg. G. 1, 460).—Whence,

album, i, n., whiteness.

White color, white:

maculis insignis et albo,

Verg. G. 3, 56;

sparsis pellibus albo,

id. E. 2, 41:

columnas polire albo,

to make white, whiten, Liv. 40, 51.—Hence,

Esp.,

The white of the eye:

oculorum,

Cels. 2, 6; so id. 7, 7, n. 6 and 12.—

The white of an egg:

ovi,

Cels. 6, 6, n. 7.—

In Col. 6, 17, 7, a white spot on the eye, i. e. a disease of it, = albugo.—

In the lang. of polit. life, a white tablet, on which any thing is inscribed (like leukôma in Gr.).

The tablets on which the Pontifex Maximus registered the principal events of the year, the Annales maximi (v. annales): in album referre, to enter or record in, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, 52; Liv. 1, 32, 2.—

The tablets of the prœtor, on which his edicts were written, and which were posted up in some public place, Paul. Sent. l. 1, t. 14.—Hence, sedere ad album, to be employed with the edicts of the prœtor, Sen. Ep. 48:

se ad album transferre,

Quint. 12, 3, 11 Spald.—

Esp., a list of names, a register, e. g. Album senatorium, the tablet on which the names of the senators were enrolled, the roll, register, which, by the order of Augustus, was to be posted up annually in the senate-house, Diom. 55, 3, and Fragm. 137:

aliquem albo senatorio eradere,

Tac. A. 4, 42 fin. —Also, the list of the judges chosen by the quœstors:

aliquem albo judicum eradere,

Suet. Claud. 16; so id. Dom. 8.—And transf. to other catalogues of names:

citharoedorum,

Suet. Ner. 21.

candĭdus, a, um, adj. [candeo], of a shining, dazzling white, white, clear, bright (opp. niger, a glistening black; while albus is a lustreless white, opp. ater, a lustreless black; cf. Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 82; lsid. Orig. 12, 1, 51; Doed. Syn. III. p. 193 sq.) (class., and in the poets very freq.; in Cic. rare).

Lit.

In gen.

Of shining objects, bright:

stella splendens candida,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 3:

sidera,

Lucr. 5, 1209:

luna,

Verg. A. 7, 8:

lux clara et candida,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 49; so,

clarā loco luce,

Lucr. 5, 777:

stellae,

Hor. C. 3, 15, 6:

color candidus Saturni,

Plin. 2, 18, 16, § 79:

flamma,

Val. Fl. 8, 247:

Taurus (the constellation),

Verg. G. 1, 217:

dies,

Ov. Tr. 2, 142: aqua, Mart, 6, 42, 19: lacte, Varr. ap. Non. p. 483, 6; cf. id. ib. p. 169, 14.—

Hence, an epithet of the gods or persons transformed to gods:

Cupido,

radiant, Cat. 68, 134:

Liber,

Tib. 3, 6, 1:

Bassareus,

Hor. C. 1, 18, 11 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 31):

Daphnis,

Verg. E. 5, 56 Wagn.—

Of birds, animals, etc., white:

anser,

Lucr. 4, 685:

avis,

i. e. the stork, Verg. G. 2, 320; cf. Ov. M. 6, 96:

ales, i. e. cygnus,

Auct. Aetn. 88:

candidior cygnis,

Verg. E. 7, 38:

aries,

id. G. 3, 387:

agnus,

Tib. 2, 5, 38:

equi,

Tac. G. 10.—

Of the dazzling whiteness of snow:

altā nive candidum Soracte,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 1; 3, 25, 10; Ov. H. 16, 250; id. M. 8, 373.—

Of resplendent beauty of person, splendid, fair, beautiful:

Dido,

Verg. A. 5, 571:

Maia,

id. ib. 8, 138 Serv.; cf. Serv. ad Verg. E. 5, 56:

candidus et pulcher puer,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 4:

puella,

Cat. 35, 8; Hor. Epod. 11, 27:

dux,

id. ib. 3, 9:

Lampetie,

Ov. M. 2, 349:

membra,

id. ib. 2, 607:

cutis,

Plin. 2, 78, 80, § 189:

pes,

Hor. C. 4, 1, 27:

umeri,

id. ib. 1, 13, 9:

bracchia,

Prop. 2 (3), 16, 24:

colla,

id. 3 (4), 17, 29:

cervix,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 2:

ora,

Ov. M. 2, 861:

sinus,

Tib. 1, 10, 68:

dentes,

Cat. 39, 1 (cf. candidulus) al.—

Of the hair, hoary, white (more poet. than canus), Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 27:

candidior barba,

Verg. E. 1, 29:

crinis,

Val. Fl. 6, 60; cf.:

inducto candida barba gelu,

Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 22.—

Of trees or plants: pōpulus, the white or silver poplar, Verg. E. 9, 41:

lilia,

id. ib. 6, 708; Prop. 1, 20, 38; Ov. M. 4, 355:

folium nivei ligustri,

id. ib. 13, 789:

piper,

Plin. 12, 7, 14, § 26. —

Of textile fabrics, sails, dress, etc.:

vela,

Cat. 64, 235:

tentoria,

Ov. M. 8, 43:

vestis,

Liv. 9, 40, 9: toga, made brilliant by fulling (cf. Liv. 4, 25, 13;

v. candidatus),

Plin. 7, 34, 34, § 120; cf. Titinn. ap. Non. p. 536, 23.—So Cicero's oration: In Toga Candida, v. the fragments B. and K. vol. xi. p. 20-25; and the commentary of Asconius, Orell. vol. v. 2, p. 82 sq.— Sup.:

candidissimus color,

Vitr. 10, 7; cf. Varr. L. L. 8, § 17 Müll.—

Opp. niger, Lucr. 2, 733; Verg. E. 2, 16; id. G. 3, 387; Plin. 12, 10, 42, § 92.—Prov.:

candida de nigris et de candentibus atra facere,

to make black white, Ov. M. 11, 315; so,

acc. to some: nigrum in candida vertere,

Juv. 3, 30.—

In the neutr. absol.:

ut candido candidius non est adversum,

Quint. 2, 17, 35; and with a gen.:

candidum ovi,

the white of an egg, Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 40 (twice); cf.: album ovi, under album.—

Poet. and causative, of the winds, making clear, cloud-dis-pelling, purifying:

Favonii,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 1. —

Also poet. for candidatus (= albatus), clothed in white:

turba,

Tib. 2, 1, 16:

pompa,

Ov. F. 2, 654; 4, 906:

Roma, i. e. Romani,

Mart. 8, 65, 6.—

Candida sententia = candidi lapilli, Ov. M. 15, 47; v. the pass. in connection, and cf. albus, and calculus, II. D.—

Candidus calculus, v. calculus, II. E.— Subst.: candĭda, ae, f., a game or play exhibited by a candidate for office (late Lat.):

edere candidam,

Ambros. Serm. 81.—

Trop., pure, clear, serene, clean, spotless, etc.

Of the voice, distinct, clear, pure, silver-toned (opp. fuscus), Quint. 11, 3, 15; Plin. 28, 6, 16, § 58; perh. also Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146 (B. and K. with MSS. canorum; cf. Orell. N cr.).—

Of discourse, clear, perspicuous, flowing, artless, unaffected:

elaborant alii in puro et quasi quodam candido genere dicendi,

Cic. Or. 16, 53. candidum et lene et speciosum dicendi genus, Quint. 10, 1, 121; Gell. 16, 19, 1.—And meton. of the orator himself:

Messala nitidus et candidus,

Quint. 10, 1, 113:

dulcis et candidus et fusus Herodotus,

id. 10, 1, 73:

candidissimum quemque et maxime expositum,

id. 2, 5, 19.—

Of purity of mind, character ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose), unblemished, pure, guileless, honest, upright, sincere, fair, candid, frank, open:

judex,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 1 (integer, verax, purus, sine fuco, sine fallaciā, Schol. Crucq.):

Maecenas,

id. Epod. 14, 5:

Furnius,

id. S. 1, 10, 86:

animae,

id. ib. 1, 5, 41:

pectore candidus,

Ov. P. 4, 14, 43:

ingenium,

Hor. Epod. 11, 11:

habet avunculum quo nihil verius, nihil simplicius, nihil candidius novi,

Plin. Ep. 2, 9, 4; Vell. 2, 116, 5:

candidissimus omnium magnorum ingeniorum aestimator,

Sen. Suas. 6, 22:

humanitas,

Petr. 129, 11.—

Of conditions of life, cheerful, joyous, happy, fortunate, prosperous, lucky:

convivia,

joyful, Prop. 4 (5), 6, 71:

nox,

id. 2 (3), 15, 1:

omina,

id. 4 (5), 1, 67:

fata,

Tib. 3, 6, 30, Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 34: dies. id. ib. 2, 142:

pax,

Tib. 1, 10, 45:

natalis,

id. 1, 7, 64; Ov. Tr. 5, 5, 14.—Hence, adv.: candĭdē.

Acc. to I., in dazzling white' vestitus, Plaut. Cas. 4, 1, 10.—

Acc. to II., clearly, candidly, sincerely: candide et simpliciter, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1; Quint. 12, 11, 8; Petr. 107, 13.—

As adj. propr: Candidum Promontorium, in Zeugitana, now C. Bianco, Mel. 1, 7, 2; Plin. 5, 4, 3, § 23.

candĭdus, a, um, adj. [candeo], of a shining, dazzling white, white, clear, bright (opp. niger, a glistening black; while albus is a lustreless white, opp. ater, a lustreless black; cf. Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 82; lsid. Orig. 12, 1, 51; Doed. Syn. III. p. 193 sq.) (class., and in the poets very freq.; in Cic. rare).

Lit.

In gen.

Of shining objects, bright:

stella splendens candida,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 3:

sidera,

Lucr. 5, 1209:

luna,

Verg. A. 7, 8:

lux clara et candida,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 49; so,

clarā loco luce,

Lucr. 5, 777:

stellae,

Hor. C. 3, 15, 6:

color candidus Saturni,

Plin. 2, 18, 16, § 79:

flamma,

Val. Fl. 8, 247:

Taurus (the constellation),

Verg. G. 1, 217:

dies,

Ov. Tr. 2, 142: aqua, Mart, 6, 42, 19: lacte, Varr. ap. Non. p. 483, 6; cf. id. ib. p. 169, 14.—

Hence, an epithet of the gods or persons transformed to gods:

Cupido,

radiant, Cat. 68, 134:

Liber,

Tib. 3, 6, 1:

Bassareus,

Hor. C. 1, 18, 11 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 31):

Daphnis,

Verg. E. 5, 56 Wagn.—

Of birds, animals, etc., white:

anser,

Lucr. 4, 685:

avis,

i. e. the stork, Verg. G. 2, 320; cf. Ov. M. 6, 96:

ales, i. e. cygnus,

Auct. Aetn. 88:

candidior cygnis,

Verg. E. 7, 38:

aries,

id. G. 3, 387:

agnus,

Tib. 2, 5, 38:

equi,

Tac. G. 10.—

Of the dazzling whiteness of snow:

altā nive candidum Soracte,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 1; 3, 25, 10; Ov. H. 16, 250; id. M. 8, 373.—

Of resplendent beauty of person, splendid, fair, beautiful:

Dido,

Verg. A. 5, 571:

Maia,

id. ib. 8, 138 Serv.; cf. Serv. ad Verg. E. 5, 56:

candidus et pulcher puer,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 4:

puella,

Cat. 35, 8; Hor. Epod. 11, 27:

dux,

id. ib. 3, 9:

Lampetie,

Ov. M. 2, 349:

membra,

id. ib. 2, 607:

cutis,

Plin. 2, 78, 80, § 189:

pes,

Hor. C. 4, 1, 27:

umeri,

id. ib. 1, 13, 9:

bracchia,

Prop. 2 (3), 16, 24:

colla,

id. 3 (4), 17, 29:

cervix,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 2:

ora,

Ov. M. 2, 861:

sinus,

Tib. 1, 10, 68:

dentes,

Cat. 39, 1 (cf. candidulus) al.—

Of the hair, hoary, white (more poet. than canus), Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 27:

candidior barba,

Verg. E. 1, 29:

crinis,

Val. Fl. 6, 60; cf.:

inducto candida barba gelu,

Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 22.—

Of trees or plants: pōpulus, the white or silver poplar, Verg. E. 9, 41:

lilia,

id. ib. 6, 708; Prop. 1, 20, 38; Ov. M. 4, 355:

folium nivei ligustri,

id. ib. 13, 789:

piper,

Plin. 12, 7, 14, § 26. —

Of textile fabrics, sails, dress, etc.:

vela,

Cat. 64, 235:

tentoria,

Ov. M. 8, 43:

vestis,

Liv. 9, 40, 9: toga, made brilliant by fulling (cf. Liv. 4, 25, 13;

v. candidatus),

Plin. 7, 34, 34, § 120; cf. Titinn. ap. Non. p. 536, 23.—So Cicero's oration: In Toga Candida, v. the fragments B. and K. vol. xi. p. 20-25; and the commentary of Asconius, Orell. vol. v. 2, p. 82 sq.— Sup.:

candidissimus color,

Vitr. 10, 7; cf. Varr. L. L. 8, § 17 Müll.—

Opp. niger, Lucr. 2, 733; Verg. E. 2, 16; id. G. 3, 387; Plin. 12, 10, 42, § 92.—Prov.:

candida de nigris et de candentibus atra facere,

to make black white, Ov. M. 11, 315; so,

acc. to some: nigrum in candida vertere,

Juv. 3, 30.—

In the neutr. absol.:

ut candido candidius non est adversum,

Quint. 2, 17, 35; and with a gen.:

candidum ovi,

the white of an egg, Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 40 (twice); cf.: album ovi, under album.—

Poet. and causative, of the winds, making clear, cloud-dis-pelling, purifying:

Favonii,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 1. —

Also poet. for candidatus (= albatus), clothed in white:

turba,

Tib. 2, 1, 16:

pompa,

Ov. F. 2, 654; 4, 906:

Roma, i. e. Romani,

Mart. 8, 65, 6.—

Candida sententia = candidi lapilli, Ov. M. 15, 47; v. the pass. in connection, and cf. albus, and calculus, II. D.—

Candidus calculus, v. calculus, II. E.— Subst.: candĭda, ae, f., a game or play exhibited by a candidate for office (late Lat.):

edere candidam,

Ambros. Serm. 81.—

Trop., pure, clear, serene, clean, spotless, etc.

Of the voice, distinct, clear, pure, silver-toned (opp. fuscus), Quint. 11, 3, 15; Plin. 28, 6, 16, § 58; perh. also Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146 (B. and K. with MSS. canorum; cf. Orell. N cr.).—

Of discourse, clear, perspicuous, flowing, artless, unaffected:

elaborant alii in puro et quasi quodam candido genere dicendi,

Cic. Or. 16, 53. candidum et lene et speciosum dicendi genus, Quint. 10, 1, 121; Gell. 16, 19, 1.—And meton. of the orator himself:

Messala nitidus et candidus,

Quint. 10, 1, 113:

dulcis et candidus et fusus Herodotus,

id. 10, 1, 73:

candidissimum quemque et maxime expositum,

id. 2, 5, 19.—

Of purity of mind, character ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose), unblemished, pure, guileless, honest, upright, sincere, fair, candid, frank, open:

judex,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 1 (integer, verax, purus, sine fuco, sine fallaciā, Schol. Crucq.):

Maecenas,

id. Epod. 14, 5:

Furnius,

id. S. 1, 10, 86:

animae,

id. ib. 1, 5, 41:

pectore candidus,

Ov. P. 4, 14, 43:

ingenium,

Hor. Epod. 11, 11:

habet avunculum quo nihil verius, nihil simplicius, nihil candidius novi,

Plin. Ep. 2, 9, 4; Vell. 2, 116, 5:

candidissimus omnium magnorum ingeniorum aestimator,

Sen. Suas. 6, 22:

humanitas,

Petr. 129, 11.—

Of conditions of life, cheerful, joyous, happy, fortunate, prosperous, lucky:

convivia,

joyful, Prop. 4 (5), 6, 71:

nox,

id. 2 (3), 15, 1:

omina,

id. 4 (5), 1, 67:

fata,

Tib. 3, 6, 30, Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 34: dies. id. ib. 2, 142:

pax,

Tib. 1, 10, 45:

natalis,

id. 1, 7, 64; Ov. Tr. 5, 5, 14.—Hence, adv.: candĭdē.

Acc. to I., in dazzling white' vestitus, Plaut. Cas. 4, 1, 10.—

Acc. to II., clearly, candidly, sincerely: candide et simpliciter, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1; Quint. 12, 11, 8; Petr. 107, 13.—

As adj. propr: Candidum Promontorium, in Zeugitana, now C. Bianco, Mel. 1, 7, 2; Plin. 5, 4, 3, § 23.

* * *

pullātus, a, um, adj. [3. pullus], clothed in soiled or black garments.

Of mourners:

proceres (opp. albatus),

Juv. 3, 212.—

Prov.: albati ad exsequias, pullati ad nuptias,

i. e. who do every thing wrongly, Sid. Ep. 5, 7.—

Of the common people, Plin. Ep. 7, 17, 9:

turba,

Quint. 6, 4, 6:

circulus,

id. 2, 12, 10; so subst.: ne quis pullatorum, of the common people, Suet. Aug. 44:

pullatorum turba,

id. ib. 40.